TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dubale, Mandefrot
AU  - Vasić, Milica
AU  - Goel, Gaurav
AU  - Kalamdhad, Ajay
AU  - Laishram, Boeing
PY  - 2024
UR  - http://rims.institutims.rs/handle/123456789/806
AB  - This study illustrates the utilization of roof tile waste as a resource in the manufacturing of fired bricks. Although commonly referred to as demolition waste, it is technically classifed as construction and demolition waste
(C&D). This demolition waste was used as a partial replacement of two soils (alluvial and laterite soil) at three firing temperatures that were considered economical (700, 850, and 900 ◦C). The waste considered was obtained from roof tiles previously fired at a low temperature below 800 ◦C, thus containing residual carbonates and clay
minerals. The increased waste input resulted in higher firing shrinkage, bulk density, and water absorption while
decreasing loss on ignition. An increase in firing temperature led to higher firing shrinkage, loss on ignition, and
bulk density, but lower water absorption. The bricks met both Indian and ASTM standards for 2nd and 3rd class
by adding 20–35 wt% of roof tile waste and firing at 850–900 ◦C in laboratory and industrial settings. The
minimum acceptable quality for the produced bricks was achieved with an addition of 35 wt% waste, resulting in
a water absorption of approximately 19% and a compressive strength ranging from 6 to 9 MPa. The study suggests that incorporating waste from demolished roof tiles into the production of burned bricks can be advantageous.
It can partially replace the need for soils, reduce natural resource usage, lower energy consumption
during production, and decrease the carbon footprint.
PB  - Elsevier Ltd
T2  - Construction and Building Materials
T1  - The recycling of demolition roof tile waste as a resource in the manufacturing of fired bricks: A scale-up to the industry
VL  - 412
DO  - 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.134727
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Dubale, Mandefrot and Vasić, Milica and Goel, Gaurav and Kalamdhad, Ajay and Laishram, Boeing",
year = "2024",
abstract = "This study illustrates the utilization of roof tile waste as a resource in the manufacturing of fired bricks. Although commonly referred to as demolition waste, it is technically classifed as construction and demolition waste
(C&D). This demolition waste was used as a partial replacement of two soils (alluvial and laterite soil) at three firing temperatures that were considered economical (700, 850, and 900 ◦C). The waste considered was obtained from roof tiles previously fired at a low temperature below 800 ◦C, thus containing residual carbonates and clay
minerals. The increased waste input resulted in higher firing shrinkage, bulk density, and water absorption while
decreasing loss on ignition. An increase in firing temperature led to higher firing shrinkage, loss on ignition, and
bulk density, but lower water absorption. The bricks met both Indian and ASTM standards for 2nd and 3rd class
by adding 20–35 wt% of roof tile waste and firing at 850–900 ◦C in laboratory and industrial settings. The
minimum acceptable quality for the produced bricks was achieved with an addition of 35 wt% waste, resulting in
a water absorption of approximately 19% and a compressive strength ranging from 6 to 9 MPa. The study suggests that incorporating waste from demolished roof tiles into the production of burned bricks can be advantageous.
It can partially replace the need for soils, reduce natural resource usage, lower energy consumption
during production, and decrease the carbon footprint.",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd",
journal = "Construction and Building Materials",
title = "The recycling of demolition roof tile waste as a resource in the manufacturing of fired bricks: A scale-up to the industry",
volume = "412",
doi = "10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.134727"
}

Dubale, M., Vasić, M., Goel, G., Kalamdhad, A.,& Laishram, B.. (2024). The recycling of demolition roof tile waste as a resource in the manufacturing of fired bricks: A scale-up to the industry. in Construction and Building Materials
Elsevier Ltd., 412.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.134727

Dubale M, Vasić M, Goel G, Kalamdhad A, Laishram B. The recycling of demolition roof tile waste as a resource in the manufacturing of fired bricks: A scale-up to the industry. in Construction and Building Materials. 2024;412.
doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.134727 .

Dubale, Mandefrot, Vasić, Milica, Goel, Gaurav, Kalamdhad, Ajay, Laishram, Boeing, "The recycling of demolition roof tile waste as a resource in the manufacturing of fired bricks: A scale-up to the industry" in Construction and Building Materials, 412 (2024),
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.134727 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Dubale, Mandefrot
AU  - Vasić, Milica
AU  - Goel, Gaurav
AU  - Kalamdhad, Ajay
AU  - Laishram, Boeing
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://rims.institutims.rs/handle/123456789/731
AB  - In this paper, the drying modeling of roofing tiles was done using a "lumped" approach. In other words, several forces that are influencing internal moisture transport are combined to create effective moisture diffusivity. For this reason, the effective diffusivity coefficient was added to Cranck's diffusion equation. In their earlier works, the authors published the solution to the diffusion equation, which assumes that effective diffusivity is constant. It was demonstrated that, particularly if shrinkage is not taken into account during the computation stage, the simulated drying curves differ from the experimental results. The next step was to ascertain the time-dependent effective diffusivity and to more precisely anticipate the drying kinetic. The general functional relationship between effective moisture diffusivity and Fourier number was first determined to fulfill this assignment. Experimental proof of the proposed model was provided. Less than 3% of the outcomes from the simulation and the experiment deviated from each other. This was a resounding affirmation that effective diffusivity is not constant during drying and that all internal transport mechanisms are observable in their time-dependent relation.
C3  - Serbian Ceramic Society Conference ADVANCED CERAMICS AND APPLICATION XI, Belgrade, Program and the book of abstracts
T1  - Construction and demolition mix waste in traditional ceramics
SP  - 80
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rims_731
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Dubale, Mandefrot and Vasić, Milica and Goel, Gaurav and Kalamdhad, Ajay and Laishram, Boeing",
year = "2023",
abstract = "In this paper, the drying modeling of roofing tiles was done using a "lumped" approach. In other words, several forces that are influencing internal moisture transport are combined to create effective moisture diffusivity. For this reason, the effective diffusivity coefficient was added to Cranck's diffusion equation. In their earlier works, the authors published the solution to the diffusion equation, which assumes that effective diffusivity is constant. It was demonstrated that, particularly if shrinkage is not taken into account during the computation stage, the simulated drying curves differ from the experimental results. The next step was to ascertain the time-dependent effective diffusivity and to more precisely anticipate the drying kinetic. The general functional relationship between effective moisture diffusivity and Fourier number was first determined to fulfill this assignment. Experimental proof of the proposed model was provided. Less than 3% of the outcomes from the simulation and the experiment deviated from each other. This was a resounding affirmation that effective diffusivity is not constant during drying and that all internal transport mechanisms are observable in their time-dependent relation.",
journal = "Serbian Ceramic Society Conference ADVANCED CERAMICS AND APPLICATION XI, Belgrade, Program and the book of abstracts",
title = "Construction and demolition mix waste in traditional ceramics",
pages = "80",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rims_731"
}

Dubale, M., Vasić, M., Goel, G., Kalamdhad, A.,& Laishram, B.. (2023). Construction and demolition mix waste in traditional ceramics. in Serbian Ceramic Society Conference ADVANCED CERAMICS AND APPLICATION XI, Belgrade, Program and the book of abstracts, 80.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rims_731

Dubale M, Vasić M, Goel G, Kalamdhad A, Laishram B. Construction and demolition mix waste in traditional ceramics. in Serbian Ceramic Society Conference ADVANCED CERAMICS AND APPLICATION XI, Belgrade, Program and the book of abstracts. 2023;:80.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rims_731 .

Dubale, Mandefrot, Vasić, Milica, Goel, Gaurav, Kalamdhad, Ajay, Laishram, Boeing, "Construction and demolition mix waste in traditional ceramics" in Serbian Ceramic Society Conference ADVANCED CERAMICS AND APPLICATION XI, Belgrade, Program and the book of abstracts (2023):80,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rims_731 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Dubale, Mandefrot
AU  - Vasić, Milica
AU  - Goel, Gaurav
AU  - Kalamdhad, Ajay
AU  - Singh, Laishram
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://rims.institutims.rs/handle/123456789/448
AB  - The European Green Deal, which emphasizes zero-waste economies, and waste recycling
in construction and building materials, has arisen due to significant worldwide needs for solid waste recovery and usage. This ambitious study focuses on recycling mixed construction and demolition (C&D) waste into burnt bricks and investigating the influence of firing temperature. While pursuing its objectives, this is dependent on raw material characterization and burnt-brick product quality assessment. The recycling of mixed C&D waste is explored by mixing the waste into two soil types (alluvial and laterite) in ratios ranging from 5% to 45% at three firing temperatures (700 °C, 850 °C and 900 °C). The utilization of mixed C&D waste in amounts of 10% at 700 °C and 25% at 850 °C and 900 °C fulfilled the Indian standard. Although a fire at 700 °C results in less optimal waste utilization, it is beneficial and recommended for reducing the carbon footprint and energy use. Additional mineralogical and microstructural analyzes are performed on the optimal fired samples.
The study’s findings are promising for sustainable resource usage, reducing carbon footprint, and
reducing waste disposal volume. This research is a big step toward the Sustainable Development
Goals of the United Nations and a circular economy.
PB  - MDPI
T2  - Materials 2023, 16, 262
T1  - Utilization of Construction and Demolition Mix Waste in the Fired Brick Production: The Impact on Mechanical Properties
DO  - 10.3390/ma16010262
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Dubale, Mandefrot and Vasić, Milica and Goel, Gaurav and Kalamdhad, Ajay and Singh, Laishram",
year = "2023",
abstract = "The European Green Deal, which emphasizes zero-waste economies, and waste recycling
in construction and building materials, has arisen due to significant worldwide needs for solid waste recovery and usage. This ambitious study focuses on recycling mixed construction and demolition (C&D) waste into burnt bricks and investigating the influence of firing temperature. While pursuing its objectives, this is dependent on raw material characterization and burnt-brick product quality assessment. The recycling of mixed C&D waste is explored by mixing the waste into two soil types (alluvial and laterite) in ratios ranging from 5% to 45% at three firing temperatures (700 °C, 850 °C and 900 °C). The utilization of mixed C&D waste in amounts of 10% at 700 °C and 25% at 850 °C and 900 °C fulfilled the Indian standard. Although a fire at 700 °C results in less optimal waste utilization, it is beneficial and recommended for reducing the carbon footprint and energy use. Additional mineralogical and microstructural analyzes are performed on the optimal fired samples.
The study’s findings are promising for sustainable resource usage, reducing carbon footprint, and
reducing waste disposal volume. This research is a big step toward the Sustainable Development
Goals of the United Nations and a circular economy.",
publisher = "MDPI",
journal = "Materials 2023, 16, 262",
title = "Utilization of Construction and Demolition Mix Waste in the Fired Brick Production: The Impact on Mechanical Properties",
doi = "10.3390/ma16010262"
}

Dubale, M., Vasić, M., Goel, G., Kalamdhad, A.,& Singh, L.. (2023). Utilization of Construction and Demolition Mix Waste in the Fired Brick Production: The Impact on Mechanical Properties. in Materials 2023, 16, 262
MDPI..
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010262

Dubale M, Vasić M, Goel G, Kalamdhad A, Singh L. Utilization of Construction and Demolition Mix Waste in the Fired Brick Production: The Impact on Mechanical Properties. in Materials 2023, 16, 262. 2023;.
doi:10.3390/ma16010262 .

Dubale, Mandefrot, Vasić, Milica, Goel, Gaurav, Kalamdhad, Ajay, Singh, Laishram, "Utilization of Construction and Demolition Mix Waste in the Fired Brick Production: The Impact on Mechanical Properties" in Materials 2023, 16, 262 (2023),
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16010262 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vasić, Milica
AU  - Goel, Gaurav
AU  - Dubale, Mandefrot
AU  - Živković, Slavica
AU  - Trivunić, Milan
AU  - Pezo, Milada
AU  - Pezo, Lato
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://rims.institutims.rs/handle/123456789/449
AB  - The main idea of the present study was to investigate the impact of the ongoing world
crisis on the socio-economic issues in Serbia concerning building materials usage and purchase. This research fills in the gaps in the literature and contributes to the comprehension of how the crisis has affected salaries, market pricing, and materials consumption in the building sector. The data are gathered through a questionnaire and analyzed using a statistical methodology (frequencies, descriptive statistics, and Spearman’s correlations). Most of the former studies investigated the surveys conducted on specialists in the field, while this study analyzed the perspectives of random people. Socio-demographic issues are analyzed along with materials consumption before and after the crisis. A special emphasis is given to ecological awareness and novel materials usage. Additionally, it captures a broad shift in the economy and ecological consciousness in a developing country. The majority of respondents are open to using novel building materials and products, but their choice would largely be influenced by cost, the amount of effort involved, and their understanding of the advantages. Statistical approaches revealed that the crisis has a considerable impact on the markets for construction and building supplies, altering consumers’ decisions when purchasing.
This contribution lays the groundwork for developing countries in the modern world to improve
sustainability and adopt circular thinking. Professionals in Serbia need to have a more eco-aware
mindset and enhance how they provide pertinent information to potential clients. This study is
limited by the number of respondents. For future mathematical modeling and forecasting, more
answerers are needed.
PB  - MDPI
T2  - Sustainability 2023, 15, 4080
T1  - Socio-Economic Analysis of the Construction and Building Materials’ Usage—Ecological Awareness in the Case of Serbia
VL  - 15
DO  - 10.3390/su15054080
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Vasić, Milica and Goel, Gaurav and Dubale, Mandefrot and Živković, Slavica and Trivunić, Milan and Pezo, Milada and Pezo, Lato",
year = "2023",
abstract = "The main idea of the present study was to investigate the impact of the ongoing world
crisis on the socio-economic issues in Serbia concerning building materials usage and purchase. This research fills in the gaps in the literature and contributes to the comprehension of how the crisis has affected salaries, market pricing, and materials consumption in the building sector. The data are gathered through a questionnaire and analyzed using a statistical methodology (frequencies, descriptive statistics, and Spearman’s correlations). Most of the former studies investigated the surveys conducted on specialists in the field, while this study analyzed the perspectives of random people. Socio-demographic issues are analyzed along with materials consumption before and after the crisis. A special emphasis is given to ecological awareness and novel materials usage. Additionally, it captures a broad shift in the economy and ecological consciousness in a developing country. The majority of respondents are open to using novel building materials and products, but their choice would largely be influenced by cost, the amount of effort involved, and their understanding of the advantages. Statistical approaches revealed that the crisis has a considerable impact on the markets for construction and building supplies, altering consumers’ decisions when purchasing.
This contribution lays the groundwork for developing countries in the modern world to improve
sustainability and adopt circular thinking. Professionals in Serbia need to have a more eco-aware
mindset and enhance how they provide pertinent information to potential clients. This study is
limited by the number of respondents. For future mathematical modeling and forecasting, more
answerers are needed.",
publisher = "MDPI",
journal = "Sustainability 2023, 15, 4080",
title = "Socio-Economic Analysis of the Construction and Building Materials’ Usage—Ecological Awareness in the Case of Serbia",
volume = "15",
doi = "10.3390/su15054080"
}

Vasić, M., Goel, G., Dubale, M., Živković, S., Trivunić, M., Pezo, M.,& Pezo, L.. (2023). Socio-Economic Analysis of the Construction and Building Materials’ Usage—Ecological Awareness in the Case of Serbia. in Sustainability 2023, 15, 4080
MDPI., 15.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su15054080

Vasić M, Goel G, Dubale M, Živković S, Trivunić M, Pezo M, Pezo L. Socio-Economic Analysis of the Construction and Building Materials’ Usage—Ecological Awareness in the Case of Serbia. in Sustainability 2023, 15, 4080. 2023;15.
doi:10.3390/su15054080 .

Vasić, Milica, Goel, Gaurav, Dubale, Mandefrot, Živković, Slavica, Trivunić, Milan, Pezo, Milada, Pezo, Lato, "Socio-Economic Analysis of the Construction and Building Materials’ Usage—Ecological Awareness in the Case of Serbia" in Sustainability 2023, 15, 4080, 15 (2023),
https://doi.org/10.3390/su15054080 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Vasić, Milica
AU  - Vasić, Miloš
AU  - Goel, Gaurav
AU  - Radojević, Zagorka
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://rims.institutims.rs/handle/123456789/719
C3  - Zbornik radova sa XXVIII kongresa DIMK i IX kongresa SIGP sa međunarodnim simpozijumom o istraživanjima i primeni savremenih dostignuća u građevinarstvu u oblasti materijala i konstrukcija
T1  - Ugljena prašina u energetski efikasnijoj proizvodnji opeke-od laboratorijskih do industrijskih proba
EP  - 136
SP  - 127
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rims_719
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Vasić, Milica and Vasić, Miloš and Goel, Gaurav and Radojević, Zagorka",
year = "2022",
journal = "Zbornik radova sa XXVIII kongresa DIMK i IX kongresa SIGP sa međunarodnim simpozijumom o istraživanjima i primeni savremenih dostignuća u građevinarstvu u oblasti materijala i konstrukcija",
title = "Ugljena prašina u energetski efikasnijoj proizvodnji opeke-od laboratorijskih do industrijskih proba",
pages = "136-127",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rims_719"
}

Vasić, M., Vasić, M., Goel, G.,& Radojević, Z.. (2022). Ugljena prašina u energetski efikasnijoj proizvodnji opeke-od laboratorijskih do industrijskih proba. in Zbornik radova sa XXVIII kongresa DIMK i IX kongresa SIGP sa međunarodnim simpozijumom o istraživanjima i primeni savremenih dostignuća u građevinarstvu u oblasti materijala i konstrukcija, 127-136.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rims_719

Vasić M, Vasić M, Goel G, Radojević Z. Ugljena prašina u energetski efikasnijoj proizvodnji opeke-od laboratorijskih do industrijskih proba. in Zbornik radova sa XXVIII kongresa DIMK i IX kongresa SIGP sa međunarodnim simpozijumom o istraživanjima i primeni savremenih dostignuća u građevinarstvu u oblasti materijala i konstrukcija. 2022;:127-136.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rims_719 .

Vasić, Milica, Vasić, Miloš, Goel, Gaurav, Radojević, Zagorka, "Ugljena prašina u energetski efikasnijoj proizvodnji opeke-od laboratorijskih do industrijskih proba" in Zbornik radova sa XXVIII kongresa DIMK i IX kongresa SIGP sa međunarodnim simpozijumom o istraživanjima i primeni savremenih dostignuća u građevinarstvu u oblasti materijala i konstrukcija (2022):127-136,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rims_719 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Goel, Gaurav
AU  - Vasić, Milica
AU  - Katiyar, Nirmal Kumar
AU  - Kirthika, S. K.
AU  - Pezo, Milada
AU  - Dinakar, P.
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://rims.institutims.rs/handle/123456789/398
AB  - This study's focus was to develop a potential pathway for recycling of the paper mill sludge compost (PMSC) in brick making. Composting reduces the paper mill sludge (PMS) moisture content considerably and shredding becomes easier. The addition of PMSC leads to an increase of porosities in bricks and makes them lighter, besides delivering energy to the firing process from burning organics. Lighter construction materials help minimize construction outlay by reducing labour and transportation costs and lesser expense on foundation construction. The variability in the experimental data and the brick properties were investigated for two types of soils, typical in the brick industry of India (alluvial and laterite soil), blended with PMSC in five mix ratios (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). The samples of oven-dried bricks were fired at two different temperatures (850 and 900 degrees C) in an electrically operated muffle furnace representing typical conditions of a brick kiln. Various properties of bricks were analyzed which included linear shrinkage, bulk density, water absorption and compressive strength. Conclusions were drawn based on these properties. It was found that the addition of PMSC to the alluvial and laterite soil by up to 10% weight yield mechanical properties of fired bricks compliant with the relevant Indian and ASTM codes. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) tests showed that PMSC incorporated fired bricks are safe to use in regular applications as non-load-bearing and infill walls. This study is timely in light of the European Green Deal putting focus on circular economy. Besides, it fulfills the objective of UN sustainable development goals (SDG).
PB  - Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford
T2  - Construction and Building Materials
T1  - Potential pathway for recycling of the paper mill sludge compost for brick making
VL  - 278
DO  - 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122384
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Goel, Gaurav and Vasić, Milica and Katiyar, Nirmal Kumar and Kirthika, S. K. and Pezo, Milada and Dinakar, P.",
year = "2021",
abstract = "This study's focus was to develop a potential pathway for recycling of the paper mill sludge compost (PMSC) in brick making. Composting reduces the paper mill sludge (PMS) moisture content considerably and shredding becomes easier. The addition of PMSC leads to an increase of porosities in bricks and makes them lighter, besides delivering energy to the firing process from burning organics. Lighter construction materials help minimize construction outlay by reducing labour and transportation costs and lesser expense on foundation construction. The variability in the experimental data and the brick properties were investigated for two types of soils, typical in the brick industry of India (alluvial and laterite soil), blended with PMSC in five mix ratios (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). The samples of oven-dried bricks were fired at two different temperatures (850 and 900 degrees C) in an electrically operated muffle furnace representing typical conditions of a brick kiln. Various properties of bricks were analyzed which included linear shrinkage, bulk density, water absorption and compressive strength. Conclusions were drawn based on these properties. It was found that the addition of PMSC to the alluvial and laterite soil by up to 10% weight yield mechanical properties of fired bricks compliant with the relevant Indian and ASTM codes. Toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) tests showed that PMSC incorporated fired bricks are safe to use in regular applications as non-load-bearing and infill walls. This study is timely in light of the European Green Deal putting focus on circular economy. Besides, it fulfills the objective of UN sustainable development goals (SDG).",
publisher = "Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford",
journal = "Construction and Building Materials",
title = "Potential pathway for recycling of the paper mill sludge compost for brick making",
volume = "278",
doi = "10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122384"
}

Goel, G., Vasić, M., Katiyar, N. K., Kirthika, S. K., Pezo, M.,& Dinakar, P.. (2021). Potential pathway for recycling of the paper mill sludge compost for brick making. in Construction and Building Materials
Elsevier Sci Ltd, Oxford., 278.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122384

Goel G, Vasić M, Katiyar NK, Kirthika SK, Pezo M, Dinakar P. Potential pathway for recycling of the paper mill sludge compost for brick making. in Construction and Building Materials. 2021;278.
doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122384 .

Goel, Gaurav, Vasić, Milica, Katiyar, Nirmal Kumar, Kirthika, S. K., Pezo, Milada, Dinakar, P., "Potential pathway for recycling of the paper mill sludge compost for brick making" in Construction and Building Materials, 278 (2021),
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.122384 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Vasić, Milica
AU  - Goel, Gaurav
AU  - Vasić, Miloš
AU  - Radojević, Zagorka
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://rims.institutims.rs/handle/123456789/397
AB  - In this study, an optimal mixture of loess brick clays and waste coal dust in laboratory hollow blocks production is determined with the aim of promoting sustainable development in terms of saving resources and energy. The novelty of the work lies in the first-time utilization of waste coal dust in combination with loess soil brick-making thus bolstering European effort on waste utilization. The mentioned is also in line with UN sustainable development goals, SDG 12 and 9. The chemical and mineralogical contents of the clays were obtained using various chemical characterization methods, and thermal behavior by using dilatometry and simultaneous DSC/TG analysis. The important ceramic and technological characteristics of the extruded brick clay and waste coal dust composite samples during molding, drying, and firing were obtained. The chosen mixture of 70 % calcareous clay and 30 % plastic clay to 3 % of high-calorie waste coal dust is found optimal. Industrial-scale optimal blocks (250x190x190 mm(3)) with 60 % of vertical voids were fired in a tunnel kiln, and the firing regime was recorded. It is determined that the regime must be corrected in the firing and cooling zone since the differences measured by thermo-couples were up to 180 degrees C. The industrial prototype was found to be of satisfactory quality meeting the requirements of water absorption and compressive strength as per European and other international standards. The study was first of a kind detailed characterization of the industrial size bricks encompassing waste coal dust and loess brick clays, with the emphasis on the usability in the industry, and additionally recording and correcting of the firing regime in a tunnel kiln. The product is recyclable and can be disposed of safely after the end of life.
PB  - Elsevier, Amsterdam
T2  - Environmental Technology & Innovation
T1  - Recycling of waste coal dust for the energy-efficient fabrication of bricks: A laboratory to industrial-scale study
VL  - 21
DO  - 10.1016/j.eti.2020.101350
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Vasić, Milica and Goel, Gaurav and Vasić, Miloš and Radojević, Zagorka",
year = "2021",
abstract = "In this study, an optimal mixture of loess brick clays and waste coal dust in laboratory hollow blocks production is determined with the aim of promoting sustainable development in terms of saving resources and energy. The novelty of the work lies in the first-time utilization of waste coal dust in combination with loess soil brick-making thus bolstering European effort on waste utilization. The mentioned is also in line with UN sustainable development goals, SDG 12 and 9. The chemical and mineralogical contents of the clays were obtained using various chemical characterization methods, and thermal behavior by using dilatometry and simultaneous DSC/TG analysis. The important ceramic and technological characteristics of the extruded brick clay and waste coal dust composite samples during molding, drying, and firing were obtained. The chosen mixture of 70 % calcareous clay and 30 % plastic clay to 3 % of high-calorie waste coal dust is found optimal. Industrial-scale optimal blocks (250x190x190 mm(3)) with 60 % of vertical voids were fired in a tunnel kiln, and the firing regime was recorded. It is determined that the regime must be corrected in the firing and cooling zone since the differences measured by thermo-couples were up to 180 degrees C. The industrial prototype was found to be of satisfactory quality meeting the requirements of water absorption and compressive strength as per European and other international standards. The study was first of a kind detailed characterization of the industrial size bricks encompassing waste coal dust and loess brick clays, with the emphasis on the usability in the industry, and additionally recording and correcting of the firing regime in a tunnel kiln. The product is recyclable and can be disposed of safely after the end of life.",
publisher = "Elsevier, Amsterdam",
journal = "Environmental Technology & Innovation",
title = "Recycling of waste coal dust for the energy-efficient fabrication of bricks: A laboratory to industrial-scale study",
volume = "21",
doi = "10.1016/j.eti.2020.101350"
}

Vasić, M., Goel, G., Vasić, M.,& Radojević, Z.. (2021). Recycling of waste coal dust for the energy-efficient fabrication of bricks: A laboratory to industrial-scale study. in Environmental Technology & Innovation
Elsevier, Amsterdam., 21.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eti.2020.101350

Vasić M, Goel G, Vasić M, Radojević Z. Recycling of waste coal dust for the energy-efficient fabrication of bricks: A laboratory to industrial-scale study. in Environmental Technology & Innovation. 2021;21.
doi:10.1016/j.eti.2020.101350 .

Vasić, Milica, Goel, Gaurav, Vasić, Miloš, Radojević, Zagorka, "Recycling of waste coal dust for the energy-efficient fabrication of bricks: A laboratory to industrial-scale study" in Environmental Technology & Innovation, 21 (2021),
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