High-temperature concrete binders in which fly ash, as environmentally harmful secondary raw material, is combined with masonry and refractory cement is a new option for reapplication of this coal combustion by-product. ...

Metakaolin composite cements were prepared with 5 to 35 % replacement of ordinary Portland cement with metakaolin (MK), manufactured by thermal activation/calcination of domestic kaolin clay, and commercial matakaolin ...