Ispitivanje integriteta i nosivosti šipova - metodologija i klasifikacija

Abstract

U radu su prikazane metodologija i klasifikacija ispitivanja integriteta i nosivosti šipova, u saglasnosti sa važećim inostranim standardima, ali i sa sopstvenim definisanim segmentima unapređivanja standarda i sopstvenim definicijama određenih ključnih elemenata. Klasifikacija je sprovedena po tipovima testova u kojima su jasno definisani: tok ispitivanja šipova, metode analize i obrade rezultata ispitivanja. Pored osnovne podele testova ispitivanja šipova na testove integriteta i testove nosivosti, dodatno je definisana i grupa testova kontrole bušotine kod bušenih šipova, s obzirom na to što je za pravilno formiranje bušotine, kada je reč o bušenim šipovima, neophodno prethodno ispuniti određene kvalitativno- kvantitativne kriterijume. Ovako prikazane metodologija i klasifikacija ispitivanja integriteta i nosivosti šipova prvenstveno služe za edukativne svrhe inženjera građevine i geotehnike koji se bave ovom problematikom, da dodatno donese novine na ovom polju ispitivanja i da dodatno pojasne sve elemente ispitivanja, budući da se u praksi vrlo često susreću protivrečna mišljenja i nesuglasice oko detalja ispitivanja.

The paper presents the methodology and classification of pile integrity and load testing, in compliance with current foreign standards, as well as our own defined segments of standard improvement and our own definitions of certain key elements. The classification has been conducted according to the test types which clearly define the pile testing process, analysis methods, and test results processing. Beside the basic division of pile testing to integrity tests and load tests, there is also an additionally defined group of shaft control tests in the case of bored piles, since for the proper shaft formation, when it comes to bored piles, certain qualitative-quantitative criteria must be fulfilled beforehand. Presented in this way, the methodology and classification of pile integrity and load tests serves, primarily, an educational purpose for civil and geotechnics engineers who deal with this issue, to additionally introduce innovations in this field of testing and clarify all the elements of the testing since contradictory opinions and disagreements regarding the testing details are quite common in practice.